In architectural model making, wood is an important material and an indispensable component. Wood has the characteristics of processed and good texture, which will be used in every part of the sand table model. So how is wood used in architectural model making?

1. Woodworking board

Woodworking boards come in a variety of colors, grains, and thicknesses. The size of woodworking boards is about 100㎝×10㎝, or sold in rolls with a thickness of 1 to 5㎜. Due to hobbyist demand, wood shops have thick wood left over from woodworkers for sale. When purchasing, it is best to cut into blocks and leather strips first, so that we don’t need to spend too much time and energy in the next processing. Cottage craftsmen’s shops will supply finished timber profiles, dowel sticks, pellets, etc.

Wooden materials, especially important pillars and beams, should not only consider their sturdiness, but also their weight. Compared with woodworking boards or plywood with a hollow in the middle, thin wood chips and hard fiberboards are denser and heavier.

Woodworking flat floors are divided into 13-45mm thickness grades, with a length of 1830mm and a width of 510mm. The center is made of wooden sticks placed tightly and flatly, and both sides are pasted with covering films made of plywood.

Blockboard is a board with a spliced structure. The core of the board is spliced with short wooden strips, and two layers of plywood are glued on both sides. Blockboard has the advantages of strong and durable, flat surface, stable structure, and not easy to deform. It is widely used as a component material for panel furniture. It is often used for internal brackets or flat model surface materials when making larger models. There is no unified national standard for the size of the blockboard. The thicknesses generally used are 16mm and 19mm, and the commonly used format size is 1220mm×2440mm.

2. Plywood

Plywood is a man-made board made of three or several layers of planed or rotary-cut veneers, which are hot-pressed after being glued. The fiber directions between the veneers are perpendicular to each other (or at a certain angle) and symmetrical. Overcome the anisotropic defects of wood. The thickness of one layer is from 0.2㎜ to 6㎜. The thickness of the whole flat floor is from 0.4㎜, 0.6㎜, 0.8㎜ to 1㎜. ㎜ and 152.5㎜.

Plywood is suitable for large-area plate-shaped parts, mainly used to make the chassis of the model, and can also be used to make the surface and interior support materials of furniture, ships and vehicles, etc. There are many types of plywood, including ordinary plywood with a thickness of less than 12mm. For example, beech grain board, rosewood grain board and oak grain board, etc., can be selected according to design needs when making models. The format size of plywood is 1220㎜×2440㎜.

3. Hardwood board (density board, particle board)

The hardwood board is a board made of wood processing waste processed into a certain size of broken wood, and then hot-pressed with glue after shavings. The hardwood board has a large format, smooth surface, good heat insulation and sound insulation performance, consistent vertical and horizontal strength, convenient processing, and a variety of veneers and decorations on the surface. Hardwood board is an ideal material for making panel furniture models. Because of its fine and smooth cross-section, after the boards are superimposed and glued together, it is convenient to cut and plan, and it is easy to process a flat and gentle one-way curved surface. However, hardwood boards are prone to swelling and deformation due to moisture, and models made with them need to be sealed with paint to prevent moisture. Hardwood boards still have the problems of heavy weight and poor nail holding power.

There are many types of hardwood boards, which can be divided into four types according to the capacity: low-density particleboard, small-density particleboard, medium-density particleboard, and high-density particleboard. The performance of hardwood boards depends not only on the materials used, but also on its processing methods and processes. Therefore, it is necessary to choose different types of particleboards according to the different requirements of product modeling. At present, medium density particleboards are more commonly used in model making. The format size of the hardwood board is 1220㎜×2440㎜.

4. Cork board

Cork boards are made of pellets mixed with a synthetic resin adhesive. The tissue of the softwood board is less tightly bonded, so it appears softer, and its weight is only half that of the hardwood board (about 10.95kg). Cork boards can be bought in auto parts stores, with a flat surface size of 400mm×750mm and a thickness of 1 to 5cm. Cork board is easy to process, non-toxic, noiseless and quick to make, and the models made with it have their own unique texture. When the thickness of cork boards is not enough, multiple layers of cork boards can be stacked and glued together to achieve the required thickness. When processing, a scalpel or a paper cutter can be used for a single layer, and a table jig saw and a manual wire saw can be used for multi-layer or thicker layers. When using cork boards, you must pay attention to its structural problems. If the particles of cork boards are too coarse, it will hinder its use, and cork boards used in scientific and technological practices (such as sealing materials or real materials for automobile manufacturing) or It is a cork board used in medicine, and it is especially suitable for making models.

5. Aviation template

Aviation formwork is a board made of low-density wood (mainly paulownia wood) through chemical treatment. This kind of board is fine and chemically treated, so as long as the tool is used properly during the production process, no matter whether it is cut along the wood grain or perpendicular to the wood grain, the cut will not split. In addition, since model making is now done by laser engraving machines, its surface patterns are more exquisite, and it is also easy to cut into various shapes. Currently on the market, the quality of Canadian imported aviation templates is obviously better than that of domestic ones. The advantages of this material are fine material, crisp, clear texture, full of natural expressive force, and convenient processing. Its disadvantages are strong hygroscopicity, easy deformation, and difficult detail processing.

6. Other artificial decorative panels

At present, with the development of production technology, various decorative panels are continuously introduced to the market. The decorative panels that can be applied to model making include panels with imitation metal, imitation plastic, imitation fabric and imitation stone. There are also various decorative veneers used for pasting, etc., which can be applied to the production of models. The imitation metal plate is mainly aluminum-plastic plate, and its surface is coated with metal paint, which can imitate the effects of aluminum, copper and stainless steel. panel. When making a model, you can choose to use it according to the effect of the design. These materials are sold in the decorative material markets of major cities in China. If they are properly applied in the process of model processing, the effect is quite ideal.