We all know that tools are needed to make things, so before introducing the method of making architectural models, let’s introduce the tools for making architectural models: boundary knife, circle cutter, 45-degree cutting knife, U glue, cutting board, scissors, ruler , latex, double-sided tape. Then introduce the basic materials: cardboard of various colors, KT boards, aircraft model boards, plastic sticks, transparent film, frosted film, people, grass clippings, colored paper, trees, clay, acrylic paint.

The above are the tools we need to use to make architectural models, and then we will talk about the methods of making architectural models.
1. Plan
As the saying goes, a good plan is half the battle. We must make a good plan before making an architectural model. When we start making a model, the first thing we must consider is the “use method” or “expression method” of the model. According to “Usage method” can determine the target, proportion and so on. For large-scale models such as urban planning and residential area planning, the scale is generally 1/3000–1/5000, and buildings and other buildings are often 1/200–1/50, usually using the same scale as the design drawing mostly. In addition, if it is a residential model, it is slightly different from other buildings. If the building is not very large, use 1/50, which may make people see clearly. Under normal circumstances, the production sequence is to determine the proportion first. After the proportion is determined, the site model for the building is first made. The architectural model maker must also be clear about the terrain height difference, landscape impression, etc., and use the brain to plan and conceive, and then make more After several research and analysis, you can start to make a model.

2. Base and construction site
After the proportion is determined, the model can then be made. I usually make the base and base of the model first. If the construction site is flat, it is also simple and easy to model. If the site is uneven and there are surrounding buildings in the performance requirements, the method of making the model will also be different depending on the measurement method. Especially for large sites such as complex terrain and urban planning, the terrain model is often made in advance, and the scheme design is often carried out while looking at the model. Therefore, more effort must be made in the production of the terrain model, but There is no need to make the terrain too detailed.
Contour method (multi-layer pasting method)
The height difference of the site is quite large. When using contour lines to make a model, it is necessary to make a plate in proportion to the contour line in advance, cut along the curve of the contour line, and paste it to form a terrain in the form of terraces. In this case, the materials chosen were corkboard and styrene paper, and especially convenient styrene blown cardboard, which could be cut into smooth curves with a battery-fired cutter.
Grass, if the area is small, you can use colored paper, and if the area is slightly larger, you can use turf or grass clippings. Use turf and just stick it on the surface of the base. If you use grass clippings, apply a layer of white latex on the base surface in advance. Then sprinkle the grass clippings evenly on the grassy place,
Just wait for the latex to dry. If it is a larger model that represents the entire large-scale area, it is necessary to cut a piece of material representing a large area of vegetation according to the terrain, then color it, apply a thin layer of adhesive after drying, and sprinkle the material and color powder that form the ground, Afterwards, plant some bushes to make small tree mounds, and then use fine sawdust to create a grass-like mechanism.
The water surface, if the water surface is not large, can be treated with simple coloring. If the area is large, a transparent plate such as glass or acrylic is often used, and colored paper can be pasted under it, or it can be directly colored to show the feeling of the water surface. If you want the water surface to have a sense of movement, you can use some reflective texture materials to make the surface, and the bottom is also colored to give people a feeling of water flowing.

3. Make a model with cardboard
Cardboard is the most commonly used model material, you can choose different cardboard according to your needs, such as: white card, gray card, color card. Single-layer white cards are usually used to make draft models, double-layer white cards are generally used to make positive models, gray cards can be used to express the material of plain concrete, and color cards are used to express different finishes. There are also many ways to express concrete. In addition to gray cardboard, you can also use the rough characteristics of soft wood boards, color them, and make models with rough textures to express flat concrete; you can also use styrofoam boards. Inherent rough and pockmarked surface to express concrete; in addition, there are some materials, such as bark and plywood, whose surface looks like concrete, can be used to express concrete. When it comes to making models with cardboard, if you want to make the model look better, one is the junction of the walls. Generally, we directly glue the walls together vertically, so that one of the walls will be visible from the facade. Therefore, before gluing , first cut the place where the two walls are to be bonded at 45 degrees, you can use a cutting knife to cut out a 45-degree angle directly, it is probably ok, you can also use a 45-degree cutter (the big one on the picture 1, red Red), so the seam will look much better. The second is to cut circles. When cutting arcs, I prefer to cut counterclockwise. Use the thumb, index finger, and middle finger to clamp the knife, and use the little finger as the fulcrum. When cutting, the knife rotates around the tip of the little finger. Use the ring finger to control the direction of the blade. Cut out a smoother arc.
4. Make a model with wooden boards
Flexible use of the soft and rough texture and easy processing of balsa wood can produce various expressive effects. When cutting thin and thin softwood materials, use thin-shaped knives as much as possible. When cutting small cork, use the edge of a safety blade to carefully cut off. When the cutting range is small, a layer should be attached under the wood Cellu is made of transparent paper tape, which can increase its strength and is not affected by cutting. I suggest that you choose 0.7–2mm aircraft model wood. But be careful not to use too much force when cutting perpendicular to the wood grain, otherwise it is easy to cut.
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5. Made of foamed styrene paper
This material is most suitable for making some rough models and research models, and it is very easy to process.
6. Plexiglass
Because this material is difficult to cut, you need a special knife to cut it. Because this material is very transparent, it is usually used as the outer surface, so you can see the inner space. It can also be used to make some research models. the
7. Plastic board
Model companies use this kind of material a lot. Only very accurate models are used. It is very troublesome to process. Those membrane structures are made of sulfuric acid paper.